Perkawinan Paksa sebagai Tindak Pidana Kekerasan Seksual
Keywords:
perkawinan paksa, persetujuan mempelai, kekerasan seksual, hukum keluarga Islam, maqashid syariahAbstract
Perkawinan paksa masih menjadi persoalan serius dalam hukum keluarga Islam karena sering disamarkan sebagai adat, kehormatan keluarga, atau kepatuhan kepada wali. Artikel ini bertujuan menganalisis konsep persetujuan calon mempelai dalam hukum keluarga Islam, UU Perkawinan, dan Kompilasi Hukum Islam, serta menjelaskan kedudukan perkawinan paksa sebagai tindak pidana kekerasan seksual menurut UU Nomor 12 Tahun 2022 tentang Tindak Pidana Kekerasan Seksual. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode hukum normatif-preskriptif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, konseptual, dan maqashid syariah. Bahan hukum dikumpulkan melalui studi pustaka terhadap peraturan perundang-undangan, kitab fikih munakahat, buku hukum keluarga Islam, artikel jurnal, dan hasil penelitian terdahulu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persetujuan mempelai tidak dapat direduksi menjadi formalitas administratif, seperti kehadiran, tanda tangan, diam, atau ucapan dalam akad. Persetujuan yang sah harus lahir dari kehendak bebas, sadar, sukarela, dan bebas dari ancaman. Perkawinan paksa merupakan bentuk kekerasan seksual karena merampas otonomi korban dan mencederai prinsip ridha dalam akad nikah. Rekonstruksi hukum keluarga Islam perlu menegaskan verifikasi kerelaan mempelai, pembatasan kewenangan wali, serta mekanisme pembatalan dan pemulihan korban.
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