Implikasi Air Susu Ibu (ASI) Hasil Induksi Laktasi terhadap Terbentuknya Hubungan Mahram dalam Perspektif Fikih Islam

Abstract

Induced lactation is the process of stimulating the production of breast milk without pregnancy or childbirth, enabling a woman to breastfeed, such as in the case of an adopted child, through physical stimulation, medical devices, or hormonal therapy. Meanwhile, a mahram relationship refers to a permanent legal prohibition of marriage between a man and a woman under Islamic law. This study focuses on the implications of breast milk produced through induced lactation on the establishment of a mahram relationship. This research employs a qualitative approach using a library research method. The findings indicate that, according to Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh), breastfeeding that establishes a mahram relationship must occur at least five times, take place before the child reaches the age of two years, and involve the breast milk entering the child's stomach, whether through direct suckling or other means of feeding. Regarding breast milk produced without a preceding pregnancy, the majority of Islamic jurists (jumhur ulama) hold that such milk is legally equivalent to natural breast milk. The implications of induced lactation for the establishment of a mahram relationship have been demonstrated in practice by adoptive mothers, as evidenced by the case of Ade Fariyani and a study involving twelve Muslim adoptive mothers in Malaysia. These cases indicate that, from the perspective of Islamic jurisprudence, breast milk produced through induced lactation possesses the same legal status as ordinary breast milk. Consequently, induced lactation can establish a mahram relationship between the child and the nursing mother.